Actuation of polypyrrole nanowires
Identifieur interne : 004428 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004427; suivant : 004429Actuation of polypyrrole nanowires
Auteurs : Alexander S. Lee [États-Unis] ; Serban F. Peteu [États-Unis] ; James V. Ly [États-Unis] ; Aristides A G. Requicha [États-Unis] ; Mark E. Thompson [États-Unis] ; Chongwu Zhou [États-Unis]Source :
- Nanotechnology [ 0957-4484 ] ; 2008.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Actuation, Actuation analysis, Actuation behavior, Actuation cycles, Actuation experiments, Actuation force, Actuation process, Actuation strain, Actuation strain curve, Actuator, Actuator synth, Aqueous solution, Atomic force microscopy, Cantilever, Charge neutrality, Chem, Chemical synthesis, Deionized water, Diameter nanowire, Diameter nanowire sample, Diameter nanowire segments, Diameter nanowires, Different oxidation states, Dimensional change, Doped, Doped polypyrrole, Elastic modulus, Electrical properties, Electrical resistivity, Electrochemical, Electrochemical reduction, Electrolyte solution, Gure, Hollow centers, Membrane, Minimum actuation force, Modulus, Molecular imaging corp, Nanoscale, Nanoscale actuators, Nanotechnology, Nanowire, Nanowire samples, Nanowires, Oxidation state, Oxidized state, Polycarbonate, Polycarbonate background, Polycarbonate membrane, Polycarbonate membranes, Polymer, Polymer matrix, Polypyrrole, Pore size, Reaction apparatus, Reaction chamber, Reduction peak, Reversible redox reaction, Southern california, Such actuators, Topography image, Volume change, Volume changes.
Abstract
Nanoscale actuators are essential components of the NEMS (nanoelectromechanicalsystems) and nanorobots of the future, and are expected to become a major area ofdevelopment within nanotechnology. This paper demonstrates for the first time thatindividual polypyrrole (PPy) nanowires with diameters under 100 nm exhibit actuationbehavior, and therefore can potentially be used for constructing nanoscale actuators. PPyis an electroactive polymer which can change volume on the basis of its oxidation state.PPy-based macroscale and microscale actuators have been demonstrated, but their nanoscalecounterparts have not been realized until now. The research reported here answerspositively the fundamental question of whether PPy wires still exhibit useful volumechanges at the nanoscale. Nanowires with a 50nm diameter and a length of approximately6m, are fabricated by chemical polymerization using track-etched polycarbonatemembranes as templates. Their actuation response as a function of oxidation state isinvestigated by electrochemical AFM (atomic force microscopy). An estimate of theminimum actuation force is made, based on the displacement of the AFM cantilever.
Url:
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/16/165501
Affiliations:
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type="state">Californie</region><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Nanotechnology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Nanotechnology</title><idno type="ISSN">0957-4484</idno><idno type="eISSN">1361-6528</idno><imprint><publisher>IOP Publishing</publisher><date type="published" when="2008">2008</date><biblScope unit="volume">19</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">16</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="8">8</biblScope><biblScope unit="production">Printed in the UK</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0957-4484</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0957-4484</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Actuation</term><term>Actuation analysis</term><term>Actuation behavior</term><term>Actuation cycles</term><term>Actuation experiments</term><term>Actuation force</term><term>Actuation process</term><term>Actuation strain</term><term>Actuation strain curve</term><term>Actuator</term><term>Actuator synth</term><term>Aqueous solution</term><term>Atomic force microscopy</term><term>Cantilever</term><term>Charge neutrality</term><term>Chem</term><term>Chemical synthesis</term><term>Deionized water</term><term>Diameter nanowire</term><term>Diameter nanowire sample</term><term>Diameter nanowire segments</term><term>Diameter nanowires</term><term>Different oxidation states</term><term>Dimensional change</term><term>Doped</term><term>Doped polypyrrole</term><term>Elastic modulus</term><term>Electrical properties</term><term>Electrical resistivity</term><term>Electrochemical</term><term>Electrochemical reduction</term><term>Electrolyte solution</term><term>Gure</term><term>Hollow centers</term><term>Membrane</term><term>Minimum actuation force</term><term>Modulus</term><term>Molecular imaging corp</term><term>Nanoscale</term><term>Nanoscale actuators</term><term>Nanotechnology</term><term>Nanowire</term><term>Nanowire samples</term><term>Nanowires</term><term>Oxidation state</term><term>Oxidized state</term><term>Polycarbonate</term><term>Polycarbonate background</term><term>Polycarbonate membrane</term><term>Polycarbonate membranes</term><term>Polymer</term><term>Polymer matrix</term><term>Polypyrrole</term><term>Pore size</term><term>Reaction apparatus</term><term>Reaction chamber</term><term>Reduction peak</term><term>Reversible redox reaction</term><term>Southern california</term><term>Such actuators</term><term>Topography image</term><term>Volume change</term><term>Volume changes</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Nanoscale actuators are essential components of the NEMS (nanoelectromechanicalsystems) and nanorobots of the future, and are expected to become a major area ofdevelopment within nanotechnology. This paper demonstrates for the first time thatindividual polypyrrole (PPy) nanowires with diameters under 100 nm exhibit actuationbehavior, and therefore can potentially be used for constructing nanoscale actuators. PPyis an electroactive polymer which can change volume on the basis of its oxidation state.PPy-based macroscale and microscale actuators have been demonstrated, but their nanoscalecounterparts have not been realized until now. The research reported here answerspositively the fundamental question of whether PPy wires still exhibit useful volumechanges at the nanoscale. Nanowires with a 50nm diameter and a length of approximately6m, are fabricated by chemical polymerization using track-etched polycarbonatemembranes as templates. Their actuation response as a function of oxidation state isinvestigated by electrochemical AFM (atomic force microscopy). An estimate of theminimum actuation force is made, based on the displacement of the AFM cantilever.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li></region><settlement><li>Los Angeles</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Californie du Sud</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Lee, Alexander S" sort="Lee, Alexander S" uniqKey="Lee A" first="Alexander S" last="Lee">Alexander S. Lee</name></region><name sortKey="Lee, Alexander S" sort="Lee, Alexander S" uniqKey="Lee A" first="Alexander S" last="Lee">Alexander S. Lee</name><name sortKey="Ly, James V" sort="Ly, James V" uniqKey="Ly J" first="James V" last="Ly">James V. Ly</name><name sortKey="Ly, James V" sort="Ly, James V" uniqKey="Ly J" first="James V" last="Ly">James V. Ly</name><name sortKey="Peteu, Serban F" sort="Peteu, Serban F" uniqKey="Peteu S" first="Serban F" last="Peteu">Serban F. Peteu</name><name sortKey="Requicha, Aristides A G" sort="Requicha, Aristides A G" uniqKey="Requicha A" first="Aristides A G" last="Requicha">Aristides A G. Requicha</name><name sortKey="Requicha, Aristides A G" sort="Requicha, Aristides A G" uniqKey="Requicha A" first="Aristides A G" last="Requicha">Aristides A G. Requicha</name><name sortKey="Requicha, Aristides A G" sort="Requicha, Aristides A G" uniqKey="Requicha A" first="Aristides A G" last="Requicha">Aristides A G. Requicha</name><name sortKey="Requicha, Aristides A G" sort="Requicha, Aristides A G" uniqKey="Requicha A" first="Aristides A G" last="Requicha">Aristides A G. Requicha</name><name sortKey="Thompson, Mark E" sort="Thompson, Mark E" uniqKey="Thompson M" first="Mark E" last="Thompson">Mark E. Thompson</name><name sortKey="Thompson, Mark E" sort="Thompson, Mark E" uniqKey="Thompson M" first="Mark E" last="Thompson">Mark E. Thompson</name><name sortKey="Thompson, Mark E" sort="Thompson, Mark E" uniqKey="Thompson M" first="Mark E" last="Thompson">Mark E. Thompson</name><name sortKey="Zhou, Chongwu" sort="Zhou, Chongwu" uniqKey="Zhou C" first="Chongwu" last="Zhou">Chongwu Zhou</name><name sortKey="Zhou, Chongwu" sort="Zhou, Chongwu" uniqKey="Zhou C" first="Chongwu" last="Zhou">Chongwu Zhou</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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